Zilucoplan

Extended indication	Zilbrysq is indicated as an add-on to standard therapy for the treatment of generalised myasthenia gravis (gMG) in adult patients who are anti‑acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibody positive.
Therapeutic value	Possible benefit in ease of use
Registration phase	Positive CHMP opinion

Product

Active substance	Zilucoplan
Domain	Neurological disorders
Reason of inclusion	New medicine (specialité)
Main indication	Muscular diseases other
Extended indication	Zilbrysq is indicated as an add-on to standard therapy for the treatment of generalised myasthenia gravis (gMG) in adult patients who are anti‑acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibody positive.
Proprietary name	ZILBRYSQ
Manufacturer	UCB
Portfolio holder	UCB
Route of administration	Subcutaneous
Therapeutical formulation	Injection
Budgetting framework	Extramural (GVS)
Centre of expertise	LUMC / MUCM+ / AUMC (loc. AMC)
Additional remarks	Mechanism of Action: zilucoplan is a synthetic macrocyclic peptide inhibitor of the terminal complement protein C5, with potential anti-inflammatory and cell protective activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, complement inhibitor zilucoplan binds to a unique site in terminal complement protein C5, which blocks C5 cleavage into C5a and C5b and prevents the C5b-dependent assembly of the membrane-attack complex (MAC). Zilucoplan also inhibits the interaction between C5b and C6, thereby further blocking MAC assembly.

Registration

Registration route	Centralised (EMA)
Type of trajectory	Normal trajectory
ATMP	No
Submission date	September 2022
Expected Registration	December 2023
Orphan drug	Yes
Registration phase	Positive CHMP opinion
Additional remarks	Positieve CHMP-opinie in september 2023.

Therapeutic value

Current treatment options	Cholinesterase inhibitors, corticosteroids, Intravenous, Immunosuppressants, Immunoglobulins, bloodplasma transfer, Rituximab, Eculizumab
Therapeutic value	Possible benefit in ease of use
Substantiation	De fase 2 studie is afgerond. In vergelijking met placebo laat het geneesmiddel positieve resultaten zien (1). Een fase 3 studie zou verder uitsluitsel moeten geven over de therapeutische waarde van dit geneesmiddel ten opzichte van andere beschikbare geneesmiddelen (2). Op basis van de beschikbare data wordt op dit moment verwacht dat de nieuwe complementremmers ongeveer gelijk zullen presteren aan eculizumab.
Frequency of administration	1 times a day
Dosage per administration	tbd
References	Howard JF Jr, Nowak RJ, Wolfe GI, et al. Clinical Effects of the Self-administered Subcutaneous Complement Inhibitor Zilucoplan in Patients With Moderate to Severe Generalized Myasthenia Gravis: Results of a Phase 2 Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter Clinical Trial. JAMA Neurol. 2020;77(5):582-592. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2019.5125, (NCT03315130, fase 2) (1), Studie-opzet fase 3-studie (NCT04115293) (2); NCT03971422)

Expected patient volume per year

Patient volume	150 - 300 Market share is generally not included unless otherwise stated.
References	Lanet Neurol. 2022. Juvenile myasthenia gravis: a nationwide study in Norway suggested an average annual incidence of 1·6 cases per 1 million people and a prevalence of 3·6–13·8 cases per 1 million people, with more girls affected than boys (1).
Additional remarks	In Nederland zijn geschat 3.000 patiënten met myasthenia gravis (167 per miljoen), de helft hiervan gebruikt immunosuppressiva (rond de1.500) en bij 10 tot 20% hiervan wordt wegens problemen met chronische stabiliteit derdelijns medicatie overwogen waaronder complementremmers (150 tot 300) (1).

Patient volume

150 - 300

Market share is generally not included unless otherwise stated.

References

Lanet Neurol. 2022. Juvenile myasthenia gravis: a nationwide study in Norway suggested an average annual incidence of 1·6 cases per 1 million people and a prevalence of 3·6–13·8 cases per 1 million people, with more girls affected than boys (1).

Additional remarks

In Nederland zijn geschat 3.000 patiënten met myasthenia gravis (167 per miljoen), de helft hiervan gebruikt immunosuppressiva (rond de1.500) en bij 10 tot 20% hiervan wordt wegens problemen met chronische stabiliteit derdelijns medicatie overwogen waaronder complementremmers (150 tot 300) (1).

Expected cost per patient per year

References	Fabrikant
Additional remarks	Fabrikant geeft aan dat de prijs nog niet bekend is.

Potential total cost per year

There is currently nothing known about the possible total cost.

Off label use

There is currently nothing known about off label use.

Indication extension

There is currently nothing known about indication extensions.

Other information

There is currently no futher information available.